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Urban Issues: Presidential Candidates in NYC


Although the "Super-Tuesday" Democratic primary on March 2 involves caucuses and primaries in ten states, the Democratic candidates are focusing considerable attention on New York. New York is rich in delegates (236 of the 2165 needed to clinch the nomination). The city is also a big fundraising stop (residents give twice as much to national campaigns as any other city). But while the candidates are eager to win New Yorker’s votes, it is not always clear just where the candidates stand on the critical issues facing the city.

As a guide for voters, Gotham Gazette presents an issue-by-issue breakdown of the candidates’ urban agendas. Compare the candidates on broad issues, then click on “more” for expanded details and a series of articles on federal policy and New York City. Then post your thoughts on our Democratic Primary message board.

ANTI-
TERRORISM

• Aid for Local Police
Would give $10 billion for local Homeland Security efforts. more Would reimburse cities for Homeland Security expenses and create fund for 100,000 firefighters. more Would cut Pentagon budget and channel money to local efforts. more Would cut military spending and spend more on local efforts. more Promises to increase Homeland Security money for states and cities by 10 percent. more
• Patriot Act Would amend the Patriot Act. more Would amend the Patriot Act. more Would repeal the Patriot Act. more Would repeal the Patriot Act.more Would continue to support the Patriot Act. more
CRIME
• Gun Laws
Opposes granting gun makers immunity from civil lawsuits; supports background checks for guns. more Opposes granting gun makers immunity from civil lawsuits; supports background checks for guns. more Opposes granting gun makers immunity from civil lawsuits; supports background checks for guns. more Opposes granting gun makers immunity from civil lawsuits; supports background checks for guns. more Favors granting gun makers immunity from civil lawsuits; supports background checks for guns. more
• Policing/
Sentencing
Would expand community policing; would reform probation and parole; promises to end racial profiling. more Would expand community policing; would review sentencing laws for non-violent crimes; would expand drug rehab programs. more Would not expand community policing; would reduce sentencing for non-violent crimes; would expand drug rehab programs. more Would not expand community policing; would reduce sentencing for non-violent crimes; would expand drug rehab programs. more Would not expand community policing; would not reduce sentencing for non-violent crimes; would not expand drug rehab programs. more
• Death Penalty Supports the death penalty.more Opposes the death penalty, except for terrorists. more Opposes the death penalty. more Opposes the death penalty. more Supports the death penalty. more
ECONOMY
• Jobs
Would provide federal funds to match private investment to bring new jobs to cities; would establish job training programs through local colleges and businesses to train residents. more Would give $50 million in tax breaks for manufacturing jobs; would create new urban business zones; would expand programs for minority and women owned businesses. more Would lend $50 billion a year, interest free to state and local governments for job creation. more Would spend $50 billion a year for five years to rebuild infrastructure and create jobs. more Would continue tax cuts to encourage job growth. more
• Minimum Wage Would raise the minimum wage to $6.65 an hour.more Would raise the minimum wage, but did not say how much. more Would raise the minimum wage to $8.50 an hour. more Would raise the minimum wage to $7.15 an hour. more Would not support a minimum wage increase. more
• North America Free Trade Agreement Would amend NAFTA.more Voted for NAFTA, but says it may need to be amended. more Would repeal NAFTA. more Would repeal NAFTA. more Would support NAFTA. more
• Taxes Would repeal tax cuts for families with incomes above $200,000.more Would repeal tax cuts for families with incomes above $200,000. more Would repeal all tax cuts and give $87 billion in tax credits for middle- and low-income families. more Would repeal all tax cuts. more Would continue tax cuts, totaling over $1 trillion over six years. more
EDUCATION
• Higher Ed
Would pay college tuition for teachers who agree to work in difficult urban schools; would provide one year of free college tuition in exchange for 10 hours of community service a week. more Would expand tax credits for college; one year of free college tuition for two years of community service. more Would provide free college tuition for public university students. more Supports a Constitutional amendment guaranteeing every American a quality education. more Would continue to support tax credits for college. more
• No Child Left Behind Would reform No Child Left Behind program and provide more money to meet the requirements. more Would reform No Child Left Behind program and guarantee funding for it. more Would reform No Child Left Behind program and provide more money to meet the requirements. more Opposes No Child Left Behind program. more Supports No Child Left Behind program. more
• Vouchers Opposes vouchers for private schools. more Opposes vouchers for private schools. more Opposes vouchers for private schools. more Opposes vouchers for private schools. more Supports vouchers for private schools. more
HEALTH CARE Would provide expanded health coverage for low-income people; would require that all Americans under 21 have health insurance. more Would offer every American access to health care plan offered to federal employees; would expand existing programs to cover 96 percent of population. more Would create a national health care plan financed by federal government. more Would create a national health care plan financed by federal government. more Would expand medical savings accounts to give workers more control; would increase tax credits to help uninsured buy medical coverage. more
HOUSING Would give a tax credit of up to $5,000 to cover down payments for low- and moderate-income families buying a home. more Would create a housing trust fund to build 1.5 million apartments over ten years; would use tax credits to build and rehab 500,000 homes over the next ten years. more Would create a housing trust fund to build 1.5 million new apartments and houses for low- and moderate-income families over ten years. more Would support housing assistance for low-income families. more Would support fund to help families with down payments for homes; would support programs to encourage minority home ownership. more

IMMIGRATION

 

Would reform current policy to expedite citizenship process for some immigrants; would increase enforcement on U.S./Mexico border. more Would reform current policy to expedite citizenship process for some immigrants; would increase enforcement on U.S./Mexico border. more Would reform current policy to expedite citizenship process for some immigrants; would work with Mexico to curb illegal immigration. more Would reform current policy to expedite citizenship process for some immigrants. more Would offer temporary visas to immigrants who register with employer; would increase enforcement on U.S./Mexico border. more
MASS TRANSIT Would support federal mass transit initiatives. more Would support transportation policy that allows cities to choose how best to use federal money. more Would create a federal program to employ the jobless to rebuild infrastructure, including roads, highways, and mass transit. more Would spend $50 billion a year over five years on highways, railways, and infrastructure. more Would continue to support federal mass transit initiatives; would continue support of federal aid to rebuild lower Manhattan’s transit system. more
POVERTY Would provide job training and childcare for welfare-to-work programs; would support initiatives to require fathers to pay child support; would create safety net for homeless; would launch campaign to reduce teen pregnancy. more Would provide job training and childcare for welfare-to-work programs; would support initiatives to require fathers to pay child support; would build affordable housing for homeless. more Would create a zero-unemployment economy; would create living wage; would building affordable housing for homeless. more Opposes welfare-to-work programs; would create massive job program to help poor. more Would increase work requirements for welfare-to-work programs; would create faith-based initiatives to meet needs of poor. more

Shooting In New York


This year -- as every year for more than a century -- New York has provided a compelling backdrop for some high-profile motion pictures. The most recent include several that will be glimpsed on the Academy Awards this Sunday, since they have been nominated in one category or another. "In America" portrays a grief-stricken immigrant Irish family that moves into a building full of mostly friendly junkies in Manhattan's Hell's Kitchen; in "Pieces of April", an estranged daughter invites her suburban family to a Thanksgiving dinner in her Lower East Side apartment; "Something's Gotta Give", though taking place primarily in the Hamptons, includes several fast scenes of sophisticated city life. All these movies, while not always flattering, ultimately leave viewers feeling good about the city.

But New York is not just a place where movies take place; it is also where they are made -- which is not always the same thing. City officials like Katherine Oliver, Commissioner of the Mayor's Office of Film, Theater, and Broadcasting, like to boast of New York’s multi-billion dollar entertainment industry, the second-largest in the nation. But they surely find the competition sobering. The film industry, according to the Los Angeles Entertainment Industry Development Corporation, spent some $32 billion in Los Angeles in 1999 -- more than a dozen times as much as what it spent that year in New York. If there are half a million square feet worth of sound stages in New York, there are seven times as much in Los Angeles (which was where most of "Something's Gotta Give" was shot.)

L.A. is far from the only competition. Much of "In America" was actually made in Ireland, in a film studio where designers constructed the Hell's Kitchen tenement. "Pieces of April" was originally scheduled for "on-location" filming in Toronto, where it is common for film crews to fake New York street scenes. Such Toronto-as-New-York scenes appear, for example, in both “Death to Smoochy” and “How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days," and, more outrageously, Toronto was the base of operation for TV movies whose very titles are about New York, such as "Crown Heights" and "Eloise at the Plaza," and the TV pilot "111 Gramercy Park."

Even with a movie like the forthcoming “Spiderman 2” that bills itself as a New York movie – it was shot for real on location in the city – there is something of a catch. Out of a $200 million budget, only $14 million was spent in New York.

The city is anxious to give the big-budget pictures more reasons to do everything here. The city’s film office makes it easy to shoot in New York, promising quickly obtained filming permits, parking and police--all free. (Most places charge for such services.) The city and state offer tax breaks. The crews are expert, and most of their unions negotiate as a group. There are several studio soundstages for building indoor, period or futuristic sets.

And by the end of the summer, big productions will have less of an excuse to come to New York for location shooting but then leave for soundstages and post production (editing, etc.) in cheaper towns. That is when Steiner Studios is scheduled to open.

THE STUDIO SYSTEM

Steiner Studios
Steiner Studios in the Brooklyn Navy Yard will give New York something it hasn't had in one place--a complete production facility with five sound stages, adding up to 100,000 square feet, where there will also be ample space for offices, dressing rooms, post-production facilities and parking.

 

"New York is a location draw," Andrew Stern of the city's Economic Development Corporation told Variety. "But we can create a bigger pie. We want to make sure no one leaves because stages are not available."

Productions leave not just because they don't have stages. It's cheaper to make movies in other places, including Canada, Eastern Europe and Australia. U.S. dollars go farther, and, on top of that, the governments offer incentives; Canada rebates 27 percent of labor costs.

But New York has the irresistible draw of the city itself, as well as an impressive pool of talent. Actors, directors and producers want to stick around if they can. When it's easier to make movies here, they're more likely to do it.

That's why the city's Economic Development Corporation spent $28 million on the city-owned Brooklyn Navy Yard for infrastructure improvements, including new roads, water, sewer, electricity, and a gate on the 265-acre site, only 15 acres of which will be used for Steiner. The city doesn't get the money back directly. The payback is jobs. Steiner expects to employ 50 people full time, and says another thousand full-time workers will be on the lot, including actors, cinematographers, and artists, as well as people involved in food services and transportation, and in technical and mechanical fields.

The improvements also help the other 220 tenants and 3,700 workers in the former shipbuilding center along the East River. They include construction contractors, furniture makers and refinishers, trucking firms, warehouse distribution centers and manufacturers. These businesses started coming in after the Navy Yard stopped building ships and sold the property to the city, which turned it into an industrial park in 1971.

Some of the tenants complain about rent increases. They believe they are being driven away to make more room for the film studio. Eric Deutsch, head of the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation, the nonprofit agency that runs the site for the city, says rents that were "well below market" did go up when long-term leases expired, but that the Navy Yard continues to want, and attract, other tenants besides the new film production facility.

Steiner Studios, which is run by the privately held Steiner Equities Group, is investing $100 million in the new studios. They will own the largest modern production facility east of Los Angeles -- but not the only one.

Kaufman-Astoria Studios
Kaufman-Astoria Studios in Queens goes back to the silent era. The Marx Brothers and W.C. Fields filmed there when it was Paramount. Today the studios offer 65,000 square feet of stage space and provide a home to Sesame Street and Whoopi Goldberg's new television show. The studios housed the Cosby Show and more recently, the multi-Emmy-award-winning miniseries Angels in America.

Silvercup Studios
Silvercup Studios in Queenscelebrated its 20th anniversary in December. Mayor Michael Bloomberg gave his state of the city address at Silvercup this year, in which he hailed movie and television production as a "$5 billion-a-year industry in New York. Sure it means jobs for actors and actresses, but it also means thousands of jobs for carpenters and caterers, musicians and electricians, and many other New Yorkers. By not recognizing industry needs and changes, we lost a lot of production to L.A. and Canada. No longer! It’s why the Suna family turned a bakery and a steel fabrication plant into this movie studio, and why they plan to expand Silvercup Studios. It's why the city is helping finance an expansion of the Kaufman-Astoria Studios. And it's why, later this year, we'll help open Steiner Studios in the Brooklyn Navy Yard."

The Silvercup studios just had their best year and are planning expansion. From its first soundstage in a former flour silo of the Silvercup Bakery, the studio has already grown. Their 18 soundstages and 400,000 square feet have played host to such iconic New York movies as "Godfather III," "When Harry Met Sally," "Working Girl" and "City Hall." A film called "Birth", with Nicole Kidman, recently completed shooting there, and "Hide and Seek" with Robert DeNiro is now underway.

Television
Television provides the bread and butter to the studios. The final episode of the final season of "Sex and the City" was shown this week, capping six years housed at Silvercup. But the studios still provide a home to “The Sopranos,” and "Hope & Faith," the comedy with Kelly Ripa and Faith Ford.

Television employs the most people in the entertainment industry in New York. The four "Law & Order" TV series alone employ 1,200 people and spend a million dollars a week, says Commissioner Oliver of the city's film office. They work out of Chelsea Piers, but they're all over the streets of New York on location and put a lot of actors to work: The biographies in theater playbills are riddled with stints in "Law & Order."

Past Attempts
The new studio space should make it possible to pick some big-budget movie plums as well. But not all studios have led charmed lives. When city officials lose faith in the developers' ability to back a project, the results are painful. Miramax's Harvey Weinstein and Tribeca Productions' Robert DeNiro and Jane Rosenthal tried building a studio at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in the 1990s, but Mayor Rudy Giuliani withdrew his support. Stapleton Studios on Staten Island, backed by actor Danny Aiello and others, is floundering. The city tried to evict the studio from the city-owned site in 2002. An Economic Development Corporation spokesman told Variety that Stapleton didn't have their permits, insurance or proof of adequate financing. Aiello said that he spent two unpaid years and he and his partners have spent $2 million on the project. In November, Stapleton brought a $30 million suit for breach of contract against the city.

INDEPENDENTS

For most independent filmmakers, studios don't matter. Auteurs are out shooting on the streets and in the apartments of friends and parents. Digital equipment is within reach of students and filmmakers of limited means, explains Eileen Newman, executive director of Film/Video Arts, a nonprofit media arts center that works with emerging artists. Her organization has 150 projects under its nonprofit umbrella, including "Shelter Dogs" which has been showing this month on HBO, "Farmingville," a documentary about the attempted murder of two Mexican farm laborers that won a special jury prize at Sundance this year, and "Brother to Brother," an award-winning first feature about gay, African-American artists from the Harlem Renaissance to the present day.

Newman would like to see diverse moviemakers become more of a community. Film/Video Arts and the Independent Feature Project/New York have gotten a grant from the state's Empire State Development Corporation to create a plan for an independent film community building downtown.

It will be "a place to go to meet people, to do some editing work, to take a class, to have a screening," says Newman.

She had to abandon her office six blocks from the World Trade Center after 9/11, but she is heartened by what's she seeing downtown now. "People are looking at arts when they're rebuilding community."

Robert DeNiro and Jane Rosenthal created the Tribeca Film Festival in 2002 in that same spirit of rebuilding downtown with the arts. They especially wanted to tout New York as a filmmaking center. Organized in just four months, the festival was wildly successful, showing independent features, documentaries and short films along with studio premieres. By year two more than 300,000 people and $50 million came downtown. This year, the festival will be held from May 1-9.

Tribeca and other festivals have plenty of local work to choose from. Spike Lee and Woody Allen bring out New York movies regularly. Several production companies rely on New York for inspiration and talent in small, personal films. Miramax, 40 Acres and A Mule Filmworks, Troma Entertainment, Open City, Greene Street and Killer Films not only shoot here but often do their post production in the city. "Almost half of the American films that make it to the Cannes Film Festival come from New York. And most of them are independents. Ditto for Sundance and other major festivals," brags the website for the New York State Governor's Office for Motion Picture and Television Development.

COSTS, TROUBLES AND TRIUMPHS

Few people see much downside to moviemaking as an industry for New York. It doesn't create air or water pollution, and it employs the creative people who abound in the city. "It's one of those industries that's uniquely tailored for New York," says Jonathan Bowles, research director of the Center for an Urban Future. The only people who don't seem to like it are residents of charming streets in the city, who regularly have trouble getting home because their way is blocked off for filming. (See Gotham Gazette's Community Gazette for District 3.)

 

Most residents seem pleased to see the moviemakers. Randel Cole, the director of a just-completed indy film, "2BperfectlyHonest" with John Turturro, shot at 22 locations around the city including the Lower East Side, Midtown, Brooklyn, Greenwich Village and Chelsea. He found nothing but "great luck and cooperation" from residents. "I love shooting New York," he says.

He appreciated the free permits, parking and police. The one time the crew left New York and went to Pelham, they had to pay to shoot. But even with generous breaks from unions, businesses and the city, everything from wages to accomodations to food is expensive in New York. So the city has to rely on its character, deep talent pool and efficient film office to persuade moviemakers large and small that it's worth the extra cost. It's not always a hard sell.

"2BperfectlyHonest" had a very modest budget, but the film's producer, Jeff Mazzola, says he wouldn't go to Canada no matter what kinds of breaks they offer: "You shoot in New York, you feel New York."

Selling The Brooklyn Bridge
Meanwhile, for those filmmakers who don't automatically feel this way, the city has been developing several strategies. "Stay," a $50 million film starring Ewan MacGregor and Naomi Watts, was eager to shoot the Brooklyn Bridge. "The Brooklyn Bridge is a central character in the film," explains Commissioner Oliver. The city allowed traffic to be diverted from the bridge for eight nights. What officials asked for in exchange was simply that the rest of the movie be made in the soundstages and post-production facilities of New York. "What we were hoping to get across to Hollywood," Oliver says, "is 'If you shoot your entire film here, we'll give you the Brooklyn Bridge.'"

Resources
Association of Independent Video and Filmmakers (AIVF) serves film and videomakers, from documentarians and experimental artists to makers of narrative features.
Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre, and Broadcasting and New York State Governor's Office for Motion Picture and Television Development are filled with facts about moviemaking in New York, contacts including details about the unions that work with movies, and a fast-track online permit process.
New York Production Alliance is a nonprofit trade organization that aims to get and keep production in New York.
Women in Film and Television in New York works to make sure that women have equity and opportunity.
Women Make Movies is a nonprofit media arts organization based in New York that facilitates production, promotion, distribution and exhibition of independent films and videotapes by and about women.

 

Urban Issues: Economy


URBAN ISSUES - ECONOMY
• Jobs
• Minimum Wage
• North American Free Trade Agreement
• Taxes

• • • • • • •

John Edwards

Edwards proposes a new round of funding for New Markets Tax Credit, a program that matches $3 of investment from private companies with $1 in federal funding. In the past this program generated $26 billion for high tech jobs. Edwards also proposes doubling funding for grants for community development organizations. He also proposes a Training Works initiative to connect businesses and community colleges with local residents seeking jobs.

Edwards would raise the minimum wage from $5.15 to at least $6.65 an hour.

Edwards was not in office when the North American Free Trade Agreement was passed. He said if he were in office, he would have voted against it. He says it must be amended to keep jobs in the U.S.

Edwards wants to repeal tax cuts for families with incomes above $200,000. He also has proposed a $2,500 tax credit for families with newborn babies to be used to pay for childcare. He would give a 10 percent tax credit for companies that keep jobs in the US.

John Kerry

Kerry proposes a State Tax Relief and Education Fund that will help states with $50 billion over two years to ease education cuts, tuition increases, and local taxes. He also wants to double the number of urban business zones that receive tax incentives. He supports private job training centers and promises to expand opportunities for minority and women owned business.

Kerry would raise the minimum wage, but did not say how much.

Kerry voted for the North American Free Trade Agreement, but says that it may need to be amended to keep jobs in the U.S.

Kerry wants to repeal tax cuts for families with incomes above $200,000. He also supports a State Tax Relief and Education Fund that will help states so they don’t have to make cuts or raise taxes. Kerry wants to protect the increases in the child tax credit, the reduced marriage penalty, and the new tax bracket that helps people save $350 on their first level of income.

Dennis Kucinich

Kucinich would offer state and local governments $50 billion in interest free loans every year for ten years to help create jobs.

Kucinich would raise the minimum wage from $5.15 to $8.50 an hour.

Kucinich said he would repeal the North American Free Trade Agreement to keep jobs in the United States.

Kucinich would repeal all of President Bush's tax cuts, and offer $87 billion in tax credits for middle- and low-income families.

Al Sharpton

Sharpton proposes spending $50 billion a year for five years on highway, railway, and infrastructure as a way to create jobs.

Sharpton would raise the minimum wage from $5.15 to $7.15 an hour.

Sharpton would repeal the North American Free Trade Agreement to keep jobs in the United States.

Sharpton would repeal all tax cuts and institute new taxes on the wealthy and corporations to pay for education, health care, and social programs. He would increase child tax credits and earned income tax credits.

George W. Bush

In May 2003, President Bush signed the Job and Growth Act, which cut capital gains and dividends taxes and gave $20 billion in state aid to create new jobs. The White House Economic report issued in February predicted that 300,000 new jobs a month will be created by the end of 2004. However, recently the administration said that those job predictions were too high.

Bush has not supported a minimum wage increase.

Bush supports the North American Free Trade Agreement.

Bush signed tax cuts over the last three years that will total over 1 trillion dollars over six years. New Yorker City’s portion is about $78 billion. He wants to continue these tax cuts into the future.

• • • • • • •
Back to Urban Issues Main Page
• • • • • • •

GOTHAM GAZETTE’S RELATED ARTICLES


• Federal Job Training and New York City
• Why the Minimum Wage Should Be Raised in New York
• Why the Minimum Wage Should Not Be Raised in New York
• Bush's Tax Cuts and New York

 



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